An EFL Teacher’s Code Switching in a Young Learners’ Class
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a single case study of an EFL teacher’s code switching which involved three languages including English, Indonesian, and Javanese in a young learners’ class. More specifically, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the teacher’s types of code switching and functions of her code switching in the teaching and learning process. Data from classroom observations, teacher’s interview, students’ interview, and students’ questionnaire showed that all of the teacher’s code switching were conversational and based on the structure of her switching; she did inter-sentential, intra-sentential, and tag switching. Further, those different types of code switching served four positive functions for the EYL teaching. Those included strategy to deliver clear material explanations, strategy to deliver clear task instruction, strategy to give encouragement, and strategy for disciplining the students.
References
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Arumawanti, A. (2013). A descriptive study on English Indonesian code switching in the opinion rubric of Kompas newspaper (Thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.uns.ac.id/14699/1/327042211201312492.pdf
Backus, A. (2009). Codeswitching as one of piece of puzzle of language change. In Isurin, L, Winford, D, & Bot, K., D (Eds.) Multidisciplinary Approaches to Code Switching (pp. 307-336). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins.
Belz, J., A. (2003). Identity, deficiency, and first language use in foreign language education. In Blyth, C. (Ed.), The Sociolinguistics of Foreign Language Classroom: Contributions of the Native, Non-native, and Non-native Speaker (pp. 209-256). Boston, MA: Heinle and Heinle.
Blom, J. & Gumperz, J., J. (1971). Social meaning in linguistic structures: Code-switching in Norway. In Dil, S., A (Ed.). Language in social groups: Essays by John J, Gumperz (pp. 274-310). California, CA: Stanford University Press
Bogdan, R., C, & Biklen, S., K. (1992). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods (2nd Ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Boztepe, E. (2005). Issues in code-switching: Competing theories and model. Retrieved from http://journals.tc-library.org/ojs/index.php/tesol/article/view/32
Burdern, P. (2001). When do native English speaking teachers and Japanese college students disagree about the use of Japanese in the English conversation classroom?. Retrieved from http://jalt-publications.org/old_tlt/articles/ 2001/04/burden
Cahyani, H. (2013).Beyond a language deficit: Students’ code switching in Indonesian tertiary bilingual classrooms (Thesis). Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/HildaCahyani/beyond-language-deficit-students-codeswitching-in-indonesian-tertiary-bilingual-classrooms
Callahan, L. (2004). Spanish/English codeswitching in a written corpus. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Co.
Cheng, L & Butler, K. (2007). Code-switching: A natural phenomenon vs language deficiency‟. World Englishes, 8 (3), 293-309. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-971X.1989.tb00670.x
Chung, H., H. (2006). Code Switching as a Communicative Strategy: A Case Study of Korean–English Bilinguals. Bilingual Research Journal, 30 (2), 293-307. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ750278
Cohen, L., Manion, N., Morrison, K. (2004). A guide to teaching practice (5th Ed). London, England: Routledge.
Cook, V. (2001). Using the first language in the classroom. Retrieved from www.est-translationstudies.org
Corbin, J, & Strauss, A.jin (2014). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (4th ed.). London, England: Sage Publications.
Creswell, J., W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. London, England: Sage Publications.
Eldridge, J. (1996). Code- switching in Turkish secondary school. ELT Journal, 50 (4): 303-311.doi: 10.1093/elt/50.4.303
Evans, M. (2009). Code switching in computer- mediated communications: Linguistic and intrapersonal dimensions of cross-national discourse between school learners of French and English. In Turnbull, M & Dailey-O'Cain, J (eds). First Language Use in Second and Foreign Language Learning (pp. 50-65). Salisbury, England: MPG Books.
Ferguson, G. (2003). Classroom codeswitching in post-colonial contexts: Functions, attitudes and policies. In Sinfree, M., & Meinhof, U., H. (Eds.), Africa and Applied Linguistics AILA Review, 16 (2), 38-51. doi: 10.1075/aila.16.05fer
Ferguson, G. (2012). The language of instruction issue: Reality, aspiration and the wider context. In Mcllwraith, Hamish (Ed.). (2013). Multilingual Education in Africa: Lessons from the Juba Language in Eeducation Conference (pp. 17-22). London, England: 10 Spring Garden.
Fitriyah, I., A. (2012). A descriptive analysis of english-indonesian code switching spoken by the english teacher of mts nu salatiga in academic year of 2011-2012 (Thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.iainsalatiga.ac.id/365/1/A%20 DESCRIPTIVE%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20ENGLISH-INDONESIAN %20CODE%20-%20STAIN%20SALATIGA.pdf
Fraenkel, J., R., Wallen, N., E., & Hyun, H., H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Gardner-Chloros, P. (2009). Code-switching. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Grosjean, F. (1982). Life with two languages: An introduction to bilingualism. Cambridge, England: Harvard University Press.
Gumperz, J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Gwee, S., B., Y. (2006). Teacher code-switching in a multilingual classroom. Retrieved from https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstream/10497/3099/1/ CORE_Conf06(AERA)_Gwee.pdf
Heredia, R. R., & Brown, J. M. (2004). Code-switching. Chicago, IL: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
Hoffmann, C. (1991). An introduction to bilingualism. New York, NY: Longman.
Holmes, J. (2001). An introduction to sociolinguistics (2nd Ed.). Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.
Intan, M. (2013). The readers’ attitude towards the realization of Bahasa Indonesia-English code switching in Looks magazine. Passage, 1 (2), 11-20. Retrieved from http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/psg/article/view/533/408
Jochum, L. (2010). An investigation into young learners in task based group work in the central Swiss bilingual primary school. In Hughes, A & Taylor, N (Eds.), Teaching English To Young Learners Fifth International TEYL Research Seminar 2008-9 Papers (29-36). Retrieved from www.york.ac.uk.
Kirkpatrick, A. (2012). The lingua franca approach to the teaching of English: A possible pathway to genuine multilingualism in local languages and English. In Mcllwraith, Hamish (Ed.). (2013). Multilingual Education in Africa: Lessons from the Juba Language in Education Conference (pp. 11-16). London, England: 10 Spring Garden.
Li, D., C., S. (2002). Conatonese-English code-switching research in Hong Kong: A survey of recent research. In Bolton, K (Ed.). Hong Kong English: Autonomy and Creativity (pp.79-100). Hong Kong, China: Hong Kong University Press.
Liebscher, G., & Dailey- O’cain, J. (2005). Learner code-switching in the content-based foreign language classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 89 (2), 234–247 doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2005.00277.x
Lodico, M., G., Spaulding, D., T., & Voegtle, K., H. (2006). Methods in education research: From theory to practice. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Menn, L., O’connor, M; Obler, L., K, & Holland, A. (1995). Non-fluent aphasia in a multilingual world. Amsterdam, Netherland: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Merriam, S., B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Miles, B., M, & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expended sourcebook. California, CA: Sage Publications.
Modupeola, O, R. (2013). Code- switching as a teaching strategy: Implication for English language teaching and learning in a multilingual society. Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 14 (3), pp 92-94. Retrieved from http://www.iosrjournals.org.
Montes-Alcalá, C. (2005). “Dear amigoâ€: Exploring code-switching in personal letters. Retrieved from http://www.lingref.com/cpp/wss/2/paper1144.pdf
Murniati, C., T. (2004). An analysis of Indonesian-English code switching in electronic mails. .A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, and Literature, 4 (2). Retrieved from http://journal.unika.ac.id/index.php /celt/article/view/138
Myers-Scotton, C. (1993). Social motivations for codeswitching: Evidence from Africa. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc.
Nguyen, T. (2008). Sociolinguistic dimension of code switching (Examination Thesis). Norderstedt, Germany: Books on Demand GMBH
Nilep, C. (2006). Code switching in sociocultural linguistics. Colorado Research in Linguistics , 19. Retrieved from http://www.colorado.edu/
Ningsih, D., R. (2013). The Analysis of Indonesian-English Code-Mixing Patterns in Indonesian Blogs (Thesis). Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/ 5520142/The_Analysis_of_Indonesian-English_Code-Mixing_Patterns_in_ Indonesian_Blogs
Norlaili, C., I. (2012). English code switching and code mixing in television advertisements and its contributions to language teaching (Thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/386/
Paramita, A., P. (2010). Bahasa Indonesia-English code switching in Indonesian personal blogs (Thesis). Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/ 38327852/Bahasa-Indonesia-English-Code-Switching-in-Indonesian-Personal-Blogs#scribd
Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes i‟ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en Espanol: Toward a typology of code- switching. Retrieved from www.sociolingusitics.uwottawa.ca/shanapoplack.
Pradina,F., A., Soeriasoemantri, Y., & Heriyanto . (2013). Code-switching as the positive politeness strategies in indonesian 4th grade students’ conversation. Reseach on Humanities and Social Science, 3(22). Retrieved from http://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RHSS/article/view/9546
Qian, X, Tian, G, & Wang, Q. (2009). Codeswitching in the primary EFL classroom in China-Two case studies. System, 37 (4), 719-730. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.09.015
Rahardiyanto, D., Y. (2011). The usage of Indonesian-English codeswitching by the seventh grade English teacher at SMPN 03 Jember in the 2011/2012 academic year (Thesis). Retrieved from http://repository.unej.ac.id/bitstream/handle/ 123456789/11322/Dimas%20Yuli%20Rahardiyanto_1.pdf?sequence=1
Rezvani, E & Rasekh, A., E. (2011). Code-switching in Iranian elementary EFL classrooms: An exploratory investigation. English Language Teaching, 4 (1), 18-25. doi: 10.5539/elt.v4n1p18
Rinda, R., K. (2014). A study of code-switching of teacher talk on trainee teacher in PPL II program of state university of Surabaya. Retrieved from http://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/tag/7062/code-switching
Ritchie, W.,C., & Bhatia, T., K. (2004). Social and psychological factors in code mixing. In Bhatia, T., K & Ritchie, W.,C. (Eds.) The Handbook of Bilingualism (pp.336-352). Oxford, England: Black Publishing.
Rozelin, Diana. (2010). Bahasa Suku Anak Dalam di Sungai Rengas: Pergeseran dan Pemertahanannya (Studi Sosiolinguistik). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Diana_Rozelin/publications
Saville-Troike, M. (2003). The ethnography of communication: An introduction (3rd Ed.). Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Sehiling, Y., & Setiawan, S. (2014). The students’ attitudes toward the instructor’s code switching in EFL classroom. Language Horizon, 2 (1). Retrieved from http://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/language-horizon/article/view/6965/0
Sert, O. (2005). The functions of code switching in ELT classrooms. The Internet TESL Journal, 11 (8). Retrieved from http://iteslj.org/Articles/Sert-CodeSwitching.html
Silverman, D. (2010). Doing qualitative research (3rd Ed). London, England: Sage Publication Ltd.
Simon, D., L. (2001). Towards a new understanding of codeswitching in the foreign language classroom. In Jacobson, R. (Ed.), Codeswitching Worldwide II (pp. 311-342). Gottingen, Germany: Walter de Gruyter.
Sounkalo, J. (1995). Codeâ€switching as indexical of native language lexical deficiency in Mauritania. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 16 (5), 403-421. doi: 10.1080/01434632.1995.9994615
Willis, J. (1981). Teaching English through English. Essex, England: Longman.
Yataganbaba, E., & Yildirim, R. (2015). EFL teachers’ code switching in Turkish secondary EFL young language learner classrooms. International Journal of Linguistics, 7 (1). doi: 10.5296/ijl.v7il.6750
Yin, K. (2003). Case study research: Design and methods. London, England: Sage Publications
Arumawanti, A. (2013). A descriptive study on English Indonesian code switching in the opinion rubric of Kompas newspaper (Thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.uns.ac.id/14699/1/327042211201312492.pdf
Backus, A. (2009). Codeswitching as one of piece of puzzle of language change. In Isurin, L, Winford, D, & Bot, K., D (Eds.) Multidisciplinary Approaches to Code Switching (pp. 307-336). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins.
Belz, J., A. (2003). Identity, deficiency, and first language use in foreign language education. In Blyth, C. (Ed.), The Sociolinguistics of Foreign Language Classroom: Contributions of the Native, Non-native, and Non-native Speaker (pp. 209-256). Boston, MA: Heinle and Heinle.
Blom, J. & Gumperz, J., J. (1971). Social meaning in linguistic structures: Code-switching in Norway. In Dil, S., A (Ed.). Language in social groups: Essays by John J, Gumperz (pp. 274-310). California, CA: Stanford University Press
Bogdan, R., C, & Biklen, S., K. (1992). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods (2nd Ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Boztepe, E. (2005). Issues in code-switching: Competing theories and model. Retrieved from http://journals.tc-library.org/ojs/index.php/tesol/article/view/32
Burdern, P. (2001). When do native English speaking teachers and Japanese college students disagree about the use of Japanese in the English conversation classroom?. Retrieved from http://jalt-publications.org/old_tlt/articles/ 2001/04/burden
Cahyani, H. (2013).Beyond a language deficit: Students’ code switching in Indonesian tertiary bilingual classrooms (Thesis). Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/HildaCahyani/beyond-language-deficit-students-codeswitching-in-indonesian-tertiary-bilingual-classrooms
Callahan, L. (2004). Spanish/English codeswitching in a written corpus. Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Co.
Cheng, L & Butler, K. (2007). Code-switching: A natural phenomenon vs language deficiency‟. World Englishes, 8 (3), 293-309. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-971X.1989.tb00670.x
Chung, H., H. (2006). Code Switching as a Communicative Strategy: A Case Study of Korean–English Bilinguals. Bilingual Research Journal, 30 (2), 293-307. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ750278
Cohen, L., Manion, N., Morrison, K. (2004). A guide to teaching practice (5th Ed). London, England: Routledge.
Cook, V. (2001). Using the first language in the classroom. Retrieved from www.est-translationstudies.org
Corbin, J, & Strauss, A.jin (2014). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (4th ed.). London, England: Sage Publications.
Creswell, J., W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. London, England: Sage Publications.
Eldridge, J. (1996). Code- switching in Turkish secondary school. ELT Journal, 50 (4): 303-311.doi: 10.1093/elt/50.4.303
Evans, M. (2009). Code switching in computer- mediated communications: Linguistic and intrapersonal dimensions of cross-national discourse between school learners of French and English. In Turnbull, M & Dailey-O'Cain, J (eds). First Language Use in Second and Foreign Language Learning (pp. 50-65). Salisbury, England: MPG Books.
Ferguson, G. (2003). Classroom codeswitching in post-colonial contexts: Functions, attitudes and policies. In Sinfree, M., & Meinhof, U., H. (Eds.), Africa and Applied Linguistics AILA Review, 16 (2), 38-51. doi: 10.1075/aila.16.05fer
Ferguson, G. (2012). The language of instruction issue: Reality, aspiration and the wider context. In Mcllwraith, Hamish (Ed.). (2013). Multilingual Education in Africa: Lessons from the Juba Language in Eeducation Conference (pp. 17-22). London, England: 10 Spring Garden.
Fitriyah, I., A. (2012). A descriptive analysis of english-indonesian code switching spoken by the english teacher of mts nu salatiga in academic year of 2011-2012 (Thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.iainsalatiga.ac.id/365/1/A%20 DESCRIPTIVE%20ANALYSIS%20OF%20ENGLISH-INDONESIAN %20CODE%20-%20STAIN%20SALATIGA.pdf
Fraenkel, J., R., Wallen, N., E., & Hyun, H., H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Gardner-Chloros, P. (2009). Code-switching. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Grosjean, F. (1982). Life with two languages: An introduction to bilingualism. Cambridge, England: Harvard University Press.
Gumperz, J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Gwee, S., B., Y. (2006). Teacher code-switching in a multilingual classroom. Retrieved from https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstream/10497/3099/1/ CORE_Conf06(AERA)_Gwee.pdf
Heredia, R. R., & Brown, J. M. (2004). Code-switching. Chicago, IL: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
Hoffmann, C. (1991). An introduction to bilingualism. New York, NY: Longman.
Holmes, J. (2001). An introduction to sociolinguistics (2nd Ed.). Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited.
Intan, M. (2013). The readers’ attitude towards the realization of Bahasa Indonesia-English code switching in Looks magazine. Passage, 1 (2), 11-20. Retrieved from http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/psg/article/view/533/408
Jochum, L. (2010). An investigation into young learners in task based group work in the central Swiss bilingual primary school. In Hughes, A & Taylor, N (Eds.), Teaching English To Young Learners Fifth International TEYL Research Seminar 2008-9 Papers (29-36). Retrieved from www.york.ac.uk.
Kirkpatrick, A. (2012). The lingua franca approach to the teaching of English: A possible pathway to genuine multilingualism in local languages and English. In Mcllwraith, Hamish (Ed.). (2013). Multilingual Education in Africa: Lessons from the Juba Language in Education Conference (pp. 11-16). London, England: 10 Spring Garden.
Li, D., C., S. (2002). Conatonese-English code-switching research in Hong Kong: A survey of recent research. In Bolton, K (Ed.). Hong Kong English: Autonomy and Creativity (pp.79-100). Hong Kong, China: Hong Kong University Press.
Liebscher, G., & Dailey- O’cain, J. (2005). Learner code-switching in the content-based foreign language classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 89 (2), 234–247 doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2005.00277.x
Lodico, M., G., Spaulding, D., T., & Voegtle, K., H. (2006). Methods in education research: From theory to practice. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Menn, L., O’connor, M; Obler, L., K, & Holland, A. (1995). Non-fluent aphasia in a multilingual world. Amsterdam, Netherland: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Merriam, S., B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Miles, B., M, & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expended sourcebook. California, CA: Sage Publications.
Modupeola, O, R. (2013). Code- switching as a teaching strategy: Implication for English language teaching and learning in a multilingual society. Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 14 (3), pp 92-94. Retrieved from http://www.iosrjournals.org.
Montes-Alcalá, C. (2005). “Dear amigoâ€: Exploring code-switching in personal letters. Retrieved from http://www.lingref.com/cpp/wss/2/paper1144.pdf
Murniati, C., T. (2004). An analysis of Indonesian-English code switching in electronic mails. .A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, and Literature, 4 (2). Retrieved from http://journal.unika.ac.id/index.php /celt/article/view/138
Myers-Scotton, C. (1993). Social motivations for codeswitching: Evidence from Africa. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc.
Nguyen, T. (2008). Sociolinguistic dimension of code switching (Examination Thesis). Norderstedt, Germany: Books on Demand GMBH
Nilep, C. (2006). Code switching in sociocultural linguistics. Colorado Research in Linguistics , 19. Retrieved from http://www.colorado.edu/
Ningsih, D., R. (2013). The Analysis of Indonesian-English Code-Mixing Patterns in Indonesian Blogs (Thesis). Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/ 5520142/The_Analysis_of_Indonesian-English_Code-Mixing_Patterns_in_ Indonesian_Blogs
Norlaili, C., I. (2012). English code switching and code mixing in television advertisements and its contributions to language teaching (Thesis). Retrieved from http://eprints.walisongo.ac.id/386/
Paramita, A., P. (2010). Bahasa Indonesia-English code switching in Indonesian personal blogs (Thesis). Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/ 38327852/Bahasa-Indonesia-English-Code-Switching-in-Indonesian-Personal-Blogs#scribd
Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes i‟ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en Espanol: Toward a typology of code- switching. Retrieved from www.sociolingusitics.uwottawa.ca/shanapoplack.
Pradina,F., A., Soeriasoemantri, Y., & Heriyanto . (2013). Code-switching as the positive politeness strategies in indonesian 4th grade students’ conversation. Reseach on Humanities and Social Science, 3(22). Retrieved from http://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RHSS/article/view/9546
Qian, X, Tian, G, & Wang, Q. (2009). Codeswitching in the primary EFL classroom in China-Two case studies. System, 37 (4), 719-730. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.09.015
Rahardiyanto, D., Y. (2011). The usage of Indonesian-English codeswitching by the seventh grade English teacher at SMPN 03 Jember in the 2011/2012 academic year (Thesis). Retrieved from http://repository.unej.ac.id/bitstream/handle/ 123456789/11322/Dimas%20Yuli%20Rahardiyanto_1.pdf?sequence=1
Rezvani, E & Rasekh, A., E. (2011). Code-switching in Iranian elementary EFL classrooms: An exploratory investigation. English Language Teaching, 4 (1), 18-25. doi: 10.5539/elt.v4n1p18
Rinda, R., K. (2014). A study of code-switching of teacher talk on trainee teacher in PPL II program of state university of Surabaya. Retrieved from http://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/tag/7062/code-switching
Ritchie, W.,C., & Bhatia, T., K. (2004). Social and psychological factors in code mixing. In Bhatia, T., K & Ritchie, W.,C. (Eds.) The Handbook of Bilingualism (pp.336-352). Oxford, England: Black Publishing.
Rozelin, Diana. (2010). Bahasa Suku Anak Dalam di Sungai Rengas: Pergeseran dan Pemertahanannya (Studi Sosiolinguistik). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Diana_Rozelin/publications
Saville-Troike, M. (2003). The ethnography of communication: An introduction (3rd Ed.). Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Sehiling, Y., & Setiawan, S. (2014). The students’ attitudes toward the instructor’s code switching in EFL classroom. Language Horizon, 2 (1). Retrieved from http://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/language-horizon/article/view/6965/0
Sert, O. (2005). The functions of code switching in ELT classrooms. The Internet TESL Journal, 11 (8). Retrieved from http://iteslj.org/Articles/Sert-CodeSwitching.html
Silverman, D. (2010). Doing qualitative research (3rd Ed). London, England: Sage Publication Ltd.
Simon, D., L. (2001). Towards a new understanding of codeswitching in the foreign language classroom. In Jacobson, R. (Ed.), Codeswitching Worldwide II (pp. 311-342). Gottingen, Germany: Walter de Gruyter.
Sounkalo, J. (1995). Codeâ€switching as indexical of native language lexical deficiency in Mauritania. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 16 (5), 403-421. doi: 10.1080/01434632.1995.9994615
Willis, J. (1981). Teaching English through English. Essex, England: Longman.
Yataganbaba, E., & Yildirim, R. (2015). EFL teachers’ code switching in Turkish secondary EFL young language learner classrooms. International Journal of Linguistics, 7 (1). doi: 10.5296/ijl.v7il.6750
Yin, K. (2003). Case study research: Design and methods. London, England: Sage Publications
Published
2016-05-01
How to Cite
Khaerunnisa, L. (2016). An EFL Teacher’s Code Switching in a Young Learners’ Class. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 1(1), 13-31. https://doi.org/10.21462/ijefll.v1i1.1
Section
Articles
